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Unfair dismissal is one of the most common issues affecting workforce stability in Saudi Arabia. Many employees are terminated without legal justification, leading to serious personal and financial consequences. To address this, the Saudi Labor Law outlines clear protections to maintain balance between employer and employee rights.

What is Unfair Dismissal?

Unfair dismissal occurs when an employer ends the employment relationship without a legitimate reason or in a manner that violates the Saudi Labor Law or the terms of the employment contract.

Common examples include:

• Dismissing an employee without prior notice or documented violations
• Terminating an employee for filing a complaint against management
• Firing based on discrimination (gender, nationality, marital status)

When is Dismissal Legal?

Dismissal is considered legal if it falls under one of the cases outlined in Article 80 of the Labor Law, such as:

• Physical assault against the employer or colleagues
• Repeated unexcused absences
• Severe misconduct or breach of job duties

If none of these apply, the dismissal is likely considered unlawful, and the employee may claim compensation.

Employee Rights in Case of Unfair Dismissal

If an employee is terminated without cause, they are entitled to:

1. Contract Termination Compensation

In fixed-term contracts, the employee has the right to be compensated for the remaining period.

2. End-of-Service Award

This is due regardless of the dismissal, calculated based on years of service and final salary.

3. Notice Pay

If the employer fails to notify the employee 60 days in advance, a salary equivalent to that period must be paid.

4. Work Experience Certificate

The employee has the right to a written statement of employment duration without mention of dismissal reason.

5. Compensation for Damages

Additional compensation may be awarded for moral or financial damages resulting from the dismissal.

How to File a Labor Complaint in Saudi Arabia

Step 1: File a Complaint via Qiwa Platform

Start the process through the Qiwa platform for labor-related dispute resolution. The case first enters a mediation stage.

Step 2: Transfer to Labor Court

If mediation fails, the case is transferred automatically to the Labor Court through the Ministry of Justice portal.

Step 3: Gather Evidence

Employees should collect:

• Employment contract
• Termination notices
• Communication records
• Attendance reports

Step 4: Consult a Labor Lawyer

A lawyer can provide legal advice, represent the employee in court, and help maximize compensation.

How is Compensation Calculated?

Compensation depends on:

• Years of service
• Basic salary
• Severity of damages

In some cases, the compensation may reach the equivalent of several months’ salary or the full remaining term of the contract.

Unfair dismissal is not the end of the road. The Saudi labor system empowers employees to reclaim their rights through digital platforms, fair courts, and structured legal procedures. Knowing your rights and using the proper legal tools is the first step to justice in the workplace.

Need legal support? Don’t hesitate to contact a certified Saudi labor lawyer to guide your case professionally.